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Discuss the Application of Binomial Theorem

By Mathqa22

| July 30th 2012 | Views:

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Introduction to Binomial distribution:

The Binomial distribution is a discrete probability distribution. Binomial distribution is also known as the "Bernoulli distribution" after the Swiss mathematician James Bernoulli (1654-1705) who discovered it in 1700 and was published in 1713.

Assumptions of Binomial distribution:

N, the number of trails is finite.

There are only two possible outcomes in each trial arbitrarily called success and failure.

The probability of success in each trail is p and is constant for each trail. q=1-p is then termed as the probability of failure and is constant for each trail.

All the "n" trails are independent.

The trails satisfying these assumptions are called Bernoulli trails.

Probability of Binomial Distribution:

Let us find the probability of getting "x" success in "n" trails, where the probability of getting success is "p", the probability of getting failure is "q". Let us denote success by "s" and failure by “f ". Therefore the probability of x success and consequently n-x failures in the sequence of n trails.

p(sfssfss.............fs)

where "s" occurs "x" times

f occurs "n-x" times p(sfssfsf................f) = p(s).p(f).p(s).p(s)...............p(f) = p.q.p.p...............q = px qn-x

But in "n" trails the total number of possible ways of getting "x" success in nCx

By additive law of probability

p(X=x) = nCx px qn-x

where x = 0,1,2,................n

The probability distribution is called the Binomial distribution.

Total probability:

Total probability = `sum_(x=0)^n` nCx px qn-x

= nC1 p0 qn + nC1 p1 qn-1 + .......................+ nCn pn q0

= ( q + p )n

= ( 1 )n

= 1

Mean of Binomial Distribution:

Let us find the probability of getting "x" success in "n" trails, where the probability of getting success is "p", the probability of getting failure is "q". Let us denote success by "s" and failure by " f ". Therefore the probability of x success and consequently n-x failures in the sequence of n trails.

p(sfssfss.............fs)

where "s" occurs "x" times

f occurs "n-x" times

p(sfssfsf................f) = p(s).p(f).p(s).p(s)...............p(f) = p.q.p.p...............q = px qn-x

But in "n" trails the total number of possible ways of getting "x" success in nCx

By additive law of probability

p(X=x) = nCx px qn-x

where x = 0,1,2,................n

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Total probability:

Total probability = `sum_(x=0)^n` nCx px qn-x

= nC1 p0 qn + nC1 p1 qn-1 + .......................+ nCn pn q0

= ( q + p )n

= ( 1 )n

= 1

Variance of Binomial Distribution:

Let us find the probability of getting "x" success in "n" trails, where the probability of getting success is "p", the probability of getting failure is "q". Let us denote success by "s" and failure by " f ". Therefore the probability of x success and consequently n-x failures in the sequence of n trails.

p(sfssfss.............fs)

where "s" occurs "x" times

f " occurs "n-x" times

p(sfssfsf................f) = p(s).p(f).p(s).p(s)............... p(f) = p.q.p.p...............q = px qn-x

But in "n" trails the total number of possible ways of getting "x" success in nCx

By additive law of probability

p(X=x) = nCx px qn-x

where x = 0,1,2,................n

The probability distribution is called the Binomial distribution.

Total probability = `sum_(x=0)^n` nCx px qn-x

= nC1 p0 qn + nC1 p1 qn-1 + .......................+ nCn pn q0

= ( q + p )n

= ( 1 )n

= 1

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